Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader vulnerable to denial of service via YAML alias expansion

[ Description ]Official description

The OpenAPI.NET SDK contains a useful object model for OpenAPI documents in .NET along with common serializers to extract raw OpenAPI JSON and YAML documents from the model. In Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers versions before 1.6.30 and Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader from 2.0.0-preview.11 through 2.11.0 and 3.0.0 through 3.9.0, parsing a YAML OpenAPI document with nested anchors and aliases can consume uncontrolled memory. SharpYaml represents aliases as shared nodes in a small directed acyclic graph, but conversion to independent OpenAPI or System.Text.Json.Nodes.JsonNode trees duplicates every aliased path; without a node-count or nesting-depth limit, N nested anchors referenced k times can require k^N materialized nodes and terminate the process through an out-of-memory condition. The fixed readers bound materialization to 5,000,000 nodes and a nesting depth of 64 by default and report an OpenApiDiagnostic error when a limit is exceeded. This vulnerability is fixed in Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers 1.6.30 and Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader 2.12.0 and 3.10.0.

[ Fixes ]Fixes and patches

• Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader 3.10.0Fixed version · GitHub Advisories · nuget package Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader: upgrade to 3.10.0 or later (affected >= 3.0.0, < 3.10.0)
• Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader 2.12.0Fixed version · GitHub Advisories · nuget package Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader: upgrade to 2.12.0 or later (affected >= 2.0.0-preview.11, < 2.12.0)
• Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers 1.6.30Fixed version · GitHub Advisories · nuget package Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers: upgrade to 1.6.30 or later (affected < 1.6.30)

[ Packages ]Affected open-source packages

• Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader nugetAffected >= 3.0.0, < 3.10.0 · fixed in 3.10.0 · GHSA-7pxr-59rr-hqj2
• Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader nugetAffected >= 2.0.0-preview.11, < 2.12.0 · fixed in 2.12.0 · GHSA-7pxr-59rr-hqj2
• Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers nugetAffected < 1.6.30 · fixed in 1.6.30 · GHSA-7pxr-59rr-hqj2

[ References ]References

• github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/security/advisories/GHSA-7pxr-59rr-hqj2x_refsource_CONFIRM
• github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/commit/1f9aea9bdcbf4066b59ce33b3bd8f97ed9cb4766x_refsource_MISC
• github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/commit/21793261d6860fb6e607b71fd95c0bd320724764x_refsource_MISC
• github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/commit/4db9af07d112cdf45170b7a946f956ffe74fa14ex_refsource_MISC